Internal-combustion engine.



E. 0. HAYES.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

y APPLICATION FILED SEPT.30,1910. 1,037,478.

Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

3 SHEETS'BHEET 1.

E. 0. HAYES.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. so, 1910.

17,037,478., Patented Sept. 3, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SEEBT 2.

E. 0. HAYES.l

INTERNAL OOMBUSTION ENGINE. l

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3o, 1910.

LOSTATYN. Patented sepn.3,1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

nevera Specification of Letters atent,

Patented 3, linien spinnen@ elec september ac, iene. serial ne. seneca,

To @Z3 'who/Wait may concern:

lie it ini-own that l, EDGAR 0. HAYES, a citizen ci the United States, residing at Mil waulree, county of Milwaukee, and State l/lisconsin, have invented new and useful improvements' in internal-Combustion En. Y gines, of which the following is a specification.

yi/ly invention relates to improvements in internal combustionv engines,

lleretoore it has been the common practice to provide cylinders of such engines with removable end caps, which, when in po sition, serve to not only close the end of the cylinder, but also the end of the water 1iaclret cavity. ,ln a multiple cylinder engine, one of these capsl was provided for each cylinder, and each cap was provided wich a spari.; plug aperture and another aperture fori the reception or' the priming tube, iiprimers were employed. Such cyl* inder heads required to be frequently repaclred, as the packing is exposed to the water of the water jacket, and also to the heat radiating from the combustion chamber, and the presence of the water jacket makes it necessary to secure a proper bearing of the cap upon both the inner and outer walls of the jacket, both oi' which walls therefore require careful machine work. rlhe cap also requires careful fitting and the packing must be uniform thickness. ln a multiple cylinder engine, the provision of such caps with suitable means for securing 'them in position adds considerably to the' er-:pense of the engine, and the repaclring ci the caps by inexperienced persons is apt to cause serious difliculties in the care and operation of the engine.

'Ehe objects or this invention are to provide a `form of construction which `will allow the cylinder heads to y,be formed integrally with the side walls and will permit water-circulation over the heads or ends of the cylinders.

lvly invention also has for its' object a form ci construction which will allow a single capping plate to be used for all the cylinders of a multiple cylinder engine, such capping plate not being applied to the cylindenproper, but orn'iing the top of an auxiliary firing chamber, odset from the cyl inders and preferably-constituting' a portion or" themixing chambers or vapor inletpassages; said firing chamber being designed in such a manner as to permit access to the interior of the cylinder in such a manner that carbon deposits may be dislodged and removed without removing the cylinder from the frame of the engine or from the cranlr case; said tiring chamber being -iurther designed to permit the use oil large inlet valves and ports of ample capacity leading to the interior of the cylinder, thus securing greater freedom in the admissionof' vapor to the engine than heretofore.

ln the following description, reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in wliicli- Figure l is a plan view of a two-cylinder internal combustion engine embodying my invention, with a portion of the capping plate partially broken away, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view, drawn on line .frof Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view drawn on line fy-y of Fig. 2. Fig. is a plan view of the capping plate.

Like parts are identilied by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

A, A, are the cylinders of an internal conn bustion engine, each provided with a piston cavity B, piston C therein, and a water jacket cavity l), which extends along the sides and over the upper end or head of the cylinder, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, the head of the cylinder being formed integrally with the side walls and the inner and outer walls of the jacket being "formeel integrally with each other and connected by suitable integral connecting membersd. A, valvecasing E is located at one sideci the set or series of cylinders and is provided with. an auxiliary `ring chamber F for each cylinder, Each of these :tiring chambers is connected by a suitable port G with a mixing chamber il, the passage of vapor from the mixing chamber H to the iring chamber F being controlled by a valve l having a stem l', which extends downwardly through the port G and through the mining cha/inherl'l and a tubular guide passage J tothe ez;-

terior of the casing E, said valve stein being actuated by any suitable means, preferably from the engine cani shaft. lt being coininon to operate the admission'valves of an engine from a cam shaft driven by the engine, it is not necessary to illustrate these parts or to describe them in detail. Each tiring chamber F is provided with an outlet port K controlled by a valve L having a stem L extending downwardly through the port-K, outlet cavity K and tubular guide of course be understood that such valves Will open and close in alternation.

rllie firing chamber F communicates with the interior of the cylinder B through an elongated slot M, which serves as an outlet port for the firing chamber or an admission port for the cylinder. This slot M has a length corresponding substantially tothe di-v ameter of the cylinder and it is located at the upper end of the cylinder, so that when the piston C is in a raised position, it may be scraped, together With the upper end of the cylinder by means of a suitable tool inserted through the firing chamber.,

The casing E is provided with an opening N in its upper Wall for each tiring chamber, said opening being of such size as to expose both of the valves I and L. A single capping plate O covers the respective openings N and preferably covers the entire upper surface of the casing E, to which it is secured -by bolts P. This capping plate is' provided with apertures to receive the spark plugs Q and the priming cups and tubes R, said spark plugs and priming tubes being of any ordinary construction. lt is obvious that vby removing t-he capping plate, access will be aorded to the firing chamber and also to the valves I and L, as Well as to the interior of both cylinders B. It is also obvious that any damage caused by the repeated removal and replacement of spark plugs and priming tubes Will not injure any portion ot' the engine, other than the capping plate,-which can readily be replaced by another plate. The casing .E may, if desired, be provided with Water circulation passages or cavities communicating `Vith the Water jacket of the engine cylinders, but 1t is not necessary that these passages should extend through the roanne portion thereof, or whether it is mei y an outlet :tor an additional mixing chamber fscope ot my invention any niechan cal alents for the parts shown and dcscf. terms and expressions used in the Vtor description and in the an led being used as 'terms or' des or" limitations.

Having thus described my l claim as new, and desire to secure ters Patent, is-

l. in an engine oi the described plurality of integrally formed cyl? i iiider heads and tiring chambers i with ducts for the passage of com1 fluid between said chambers and cyl said tiring chambers having opena upper portion tliei'eol all located i mon plane, in combination '-.vith removable cap common to all chambers, and means in place to close said en 2. ln an engine oit t? Y plurality of cylinders, cylind jackets surrounding said cylinu inder heads, and open topped. chain bers cast integrally, said cvlniders aid firing chambers being provid with open ducts for the passage olf eoi'nliiu, nale tliiid, L; combination with sin le reino-:if

chambers and iii a position closing sie openings in the top thereof.

3. ln an engine ot the riesci-i"c plurality of cylinders, cylinder jackets surrounding said cylin inder heads, and open topped i r l bers cast integrally, said cylinders and .tiri chambers being provided with open din for the passage of combustible lluid, in combination with single' removable cap eoinnion to all said chambers, provided with spark plug aperture for each of tiring chambers, and means for securing said cap in place above said chambers and in a. position closing the openings in the tops hereot'.

4. ln an engine of the described lass a plurality of cylinders, cylinderheads, v jackets surrounding said cylinders and c vlinder heads, and open topppd i" ,hanrbers cast integrally, said cylint1 s' and ing chambers being provided iv th open with a single removable lcap common the purpose of cleaning the piston heads 10 to all of said chambers, and means Jfor and the Walls of said cylinders.

securing said cap in place above said chambers -in a position closing chambers being located substantially upon the same plane With the uppeil end of said cylinders, whereby, When said cap is re moved, .a suitable tool 'may' be inserted for In testimony whereof I aix my signature the in the presence of two Witnesses. openings in the tops thereof, said firing EDGAR o. HAYES.

Witnesses: l

LEVERETT C. WHEELER, I. D. BREMER. 

